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答案（中文）
根据 REACH 和 CLP 法规，合金被视为特殊混合物。合金及其成分需要根据 CLP 进行分类和标记。根据 CLP 第 39(b) 条，如果合金成分具有危险性且其在合金中的含量超过规定的浓度限值，则必须申报这些成分。关于水生危害类别的分类，《CLP 标准应用指南》附件四第 5.5 节“金属化合物混合物的分类”指出，金属合金或合金制造产品并非金属或金属成分的简单混合物，因为与其成分金属的传统混合物相比，合金具有明显独特的特性。关于标签，CLP 附件一第 1.3.4 点规定，如果块状金属及其合金在投放市场时，即使根据 CLP 分类标准被归类为危险品，也不会通过吸入、摄入或与皮肤接触或接触水生环境对人体健康造成危害，则无需贴标签。但是，供应商应通过安全数据表 (SDS) 向下游用户或分销商提供合金分类信息。根据 CLP 附件二第 2.7 点，含镉合金（用于钎焊或软钎焊）适用特殊标签规则。此类合金应带有以下声明：“警告！含镉。使用过程中会产生危险烟雾。请参阅制造商提供的信息。请遵守安全说明。”（EUH207）。
Answer (EN)
Alloys are considered as special mixtures under the REACH and CLP Regulations. Alloys as well as their components need to be classified and labelled in accordance with CLP. The components of an alloy will have to be notified if they are hazardous and contained in an alloy above specified concentration limits, in accordance with CLP Article 39(b).
In relation to classification for the aquatic hazard class, Annex IV, section 5.5- 'Classification of mixtures of metal compounds' of the Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria notes that metal alloys, or alloy manufacturing products, are not simple mixtures of metals or metal components, since the alloy clearly has distinctive properties compared to a classical mixture of its component metals.
Regarding labelling, point 1.3.4 of Annex I to CLP provides that metals in the massive form, as well as alloys, do not require a label if they do not present a hazard to human health by inhalation, ingestion or contact with skin or to the aquatic environment in the form in which they are placed on the market, although classified as hazardous in accordance with the classification criteria of CLP. However, the supplier shall provide the information on the classification of an alloy to downstream users or distributors by means of the Safety Data Sheet.
According to point 2.7 of Annex II to CLP, special labelling rules apply to alloys containing cadmium and which are intended to be used for brazing or soldering. They shall bear the following statement: "Warning! Contains cadmium. Dangerous fumes are formed during use. See information supplied by the manufacturer. Comply with the safety instructions." (EUH207).