中文内容由 Google Cloud Translation 自动生成，仅供参考；请以英文原文为准。问答资料来自欧盟化学品管理局（ECHA）官方网站。
答案（中文）
进口商是指在共同体内负责进口的任何自然人或法人（REACH 法规第 3(11) 条）。进口是指将物质实际引入共同体海关领土（第 3(10) 条）。共同体海关领土的范围在相关的共同体海关立法中定义，更多信息请参阅该立法。[2013 年 10 月 9 日欧洲议会和理事会第 952/2013 号条例（欧盟），关于制定《联盟海关法典》]。然而，值得注意的是，REACH 法规和海关立法彼此独立。进口在欧盟以外制造或生产的物质本身、混合物或物品均视为将该物质、混合物或物品投放到欧盟市场。进口的责任取决于许多因素，例如谁订购、谁付款、谁办理海关手续，但这些因素本身可能并不能决定一切。示例：一家在欧盟设立的销售代理机构充当中介，即将买家的订单转交给欧盟以外的供应商（并收取服务费）。然而，该代理机构对货物或货款不承担任何责任，且在任何阶段均不拥有货物。在这种情况下，该销售代理机构不被视为 REACH 规定的进口商。该销售代理机构不负责货物的实际引进。在许多情况下，该销售代理机构是货物的最终接收人（收货人），即负责进口货物的法人实体。更多信息和示例，请参阅注册指南第 2.1.2.4 章“进口时谁负责注册？”。
Answer (EN)
An importer is any natural or legal person established within the Community who is responsible for import (Article 3(11) of the REACH Regulation). Import means the physical introduction into the customs territory of the Community (Article 3(10)).
The scope of the customs territory of the Community is defined in the relevant Community legislation on customs that should be consulted for further information. [Regulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 October 2013 laying down the Union Customs Code].
It is important to note, however, that the REACH Regulation and the Customs legislation are independent from each other.
The import of a substance on its own, in mixtures or in articles manufactured or produced outside the European Union is considered placing the substance, mixture or article on the Union market.
The responsibility for import depends on many factors such as who orders, who pays, who is dealing with the customs formalities, but this might not be conclusive on its own.
Example
A sales agency established in the EU that acts as an intermediary, i.e. they transmit orders from buyers to non-EU suppliers (and are paid for this service). However, they take no responsibility for the goods or the payment of the goods and do not own the goods at any stage. In this case, the sales agency is not considered to be an importer for the purposes of REACH. The sales agency is not responsible for the physical introduction of the goods.
In many instances, this will be the ultimate receiver of the goods (the consignee) who is the legal entity responsible for importing the goods.
For further information and examples see the Guidance on registration, chapter 2.1.2.4 "Who is responsible for registration in case of import?".